Ping:- A ping is one of the most fundamental techniques used by monitoring software to test hosts on a network. The monitoring system broadcasts a signal and records information such as whether the signal was received, how long it took the host to receive the signal, whether any signal data was lost, and so on. The data is then used to determine whether or not the host is active, how efficient the host is, the transmission time and packet loss experienced while communicating with the host, and other information.
SNMP:- Simple network management protocol (SNMP) monitors individual devices in a network through monitoring software. In this system, each monitored device has monitoring software installed that sends information about the device’s performance to a central SNMP manager. The manager collects this information in a database and analyzes it for errors. This is the most widely used protocol for modern network management systems.